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食蟹獴属

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食蟹獴属
灰獴
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲： 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目： 食肉目 Carnivora
科： 獴科 Herpestidae
亚科： 獴亚科 Herpestinae
属： 食蟹獴属 Urva
Hodgson, 1837
模式种
食蟹獴 Urva urva
Hodgson, 1836
食蟹獴属物种的本土分布
  •   U. javanica
  •   U. edwardsii
  •   U. edwardsii和同域物种U. javanica
  •   U. smithii、同域物种U. edwardsii和原生种U. javanica
  •   U. vitticolla和U. fusca、同域物种U. smithii和U. edwardsii
  •   U. urva
  •   U. urva和同域物种U. javanica
  •   U. brachyura
  •   U. semitorquata和同域物种U. brachyura

食蟹獴属（学名：Urva）是亚洲獴的一个属，属于獴亚科。该属的物种以前被归类为獴属，不过现在的獴属仅由非洲獴组成；系统发生学的证据表明，亚洲獴形成单系群且具有亚洲共同祖先。食蟹獴属与长鼻獴属和沼泽獴属形成一个演化支，而獴属与其他非洲獴物种形成另一个演化支。[1][2]

在缅甸中部的伊洛瓦底江河谷发现了一块食蟹獴的化石标本，是一颗上臼齿，估计其年代为上新世晚期。[3]

Urva这个学名由布赖恩·霍顿·霍奇森于1836年作为食蟹獴的种名[4]，并于隔年成为属名。[5]食蟹獴属分布广泛，从阿拉伯半岛一直延伸到印尼爪哇岛。[6]印度小獴（英语：Small Indian mongoose）（U. auropunctata）于19世纪末被引入到几个岛屿，并在当地成为入侵物种之一。[7][8]

物种

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食蟹獴属包括以下物种：[1]

图片 名称 分布和IUCN红色名录状况
灰獴（U. edwardsii） (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)[9]  LC [10]
红颊獴（U. javanica） (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)[9]  LC [11]
纹颈獴（U. vitticolla） (Bennett, 1835)[12]  LC [13]

印度小獴（U. auropunctata） Hodgson, 1836[4]  LC [14]
食蟹獴（U. urva） Hodgson, 1836[4]  LC [15]
赤獴（U. smithii） (Gray, 1837)[16]  LC [17]

短尾獴（U. brachyura） (Gray, 1837)[16]  NT [18]
褐獴（U. fusca） (Waterhouse, 1838)[19]  LC [20]

领獴（U. semitorquata） (Gray, 1846)[21]  NT [22]

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Patou, M.; Mclenachan, P.A.; Morley, C.G.; Couloux, A.; Jennings, A.P.; Veron, G. Molecular phylogeny of the Herpestidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) with a special emphasis on the Asian Herpestes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2009, 53 (1): 69–80. PMID 19520178. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.038. 
  2. ^ Zhou, Y.; Wang, S.-R.; Ma, J.-Z. Comprehensive species set revealing the phylogeny and biogeography of Feliformia (Mammalia, Carnivora) based on mitochondrial DNA. PLOS ONE. 2017, 12 (3): e0174902. PMC 5373635 可免费查阅. PMID 28358848. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174902 可免费查阅. 
  3. ^ Egi, N.; Nishioka, Y.; Tsubamoto, T.; Ogino, S. & Takai, M. A mongoose remain (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Upper Irrawaddy sediments, Myanmar and its significance in evolutionary history of Asian herpestids. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 2011, 42 (6): 1204–1209. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.07.003. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hodgson, B. H. Synoptical description of sundry new animals, enumerated in the Catalogue of Nepalese Mammals. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 1836, 5 (52): 231–238. 
  5. ^ Hodgson, B. H. On a new genus of the Plantigrades. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 1837, 6 (67): 560–565. 
  6. ^ Veron, G. & Jennings, A.P. Javan mongoose or small Indian mongoose – who is where?. Mammalian Biology. 2017, 87 (1): 62–70. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2017.05.006 可免费查阅. 
  7. ^ Lowe, S.; Browne, M.; Boudjelas, S. & De Poorter, M. Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus (auropunctatus)) (PDF). New Zealand: The Invasive Species Specialist Group, SSC IUCN, Hollands Printing Ltd. 2000: 10 [2021-09-02]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-12-22）. 
  8. ^ Louppe, V.; Lalis, A.; Abdelkrim, J.; Baron, J.; Bed’Hom, B.; Becker, A. A. M. J.; Catzeflis, F.; Lorvelec, O.; Zieger, U.; Veron, G. Dispersal history of a globally introduced carnivore, the small Indian mongoose Urva auropunctata, with an emphasis on the Caribbean region. Biological Invasions. 2021, 23 (8): 2573–2590. doi:10.1007/s10530-021-02523-6. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, É. Jomard, E. F. , 编. De l'Ichneumon. Ichneumon pharaon. Tome II. Paris: Commission des Sciences et Arts d'Egypte. 1817: 137–144. 
  10. ^ Herpestes edwardsii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41611A45206787. 
  11. ^ Herpestes javanicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70203940A45207619. 
  12. ^ Bennett, E. T. Remarks on some Mammalia from Travancore, including a New Species of Herpestes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1835, III: 66–67. 
  13. ^ Herpestes vitticollis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41619A45208503. 
  14. ^ Herpestes auropunctatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70204120A70204139. 
  15. ^ Herpestes urva. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41618A86159618. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Gray, J. E. Description of some or little known Mammalia, principally in the British Museum Collection. The Magazine of Natural History and Journal of Zoology, Botany, Mineralogy, Geology and Meteorology. 1837, I (November): 577–587. 
  17. ^ Herpestes smithii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41617A45208195. 
  18. ^ Herpestes brachyurus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41610A45206655. 
  19. ^ Waterhouse, G.R. On two new species of Mammalia, from the Society's collection, belonging to the genera Gerbillus and Herpestes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1838, VI: 55–56. 
  20. ^ Herpestes fuscus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41612A45207051. 
  21. ^ Gray, J.E. New species of Mammalia. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology. 1846, 18 (118): 211–212. 
  22. ^ Herpestes semitorquatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41616A45208027. 

外部链接

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检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=食蟹獴屬&oldid=87336550”